Wrench.



PATENTED 'SEPT. 19, 1905.- F. N. WILSON.

WRENCH. APPLICATION FILED APR.6, 1905.

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APPLIGATION FILED 999.9. 1905.

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FRANK NELSON WILSON, OF ORIPPLEOREEK, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO GEORGE D. KILBORN, OF ORIPPLEOREEK, COLORADO.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented ept. 19, 1905.

Application filed April 6,1905. Serial No. 254,211.

, fication. I

This invention relates to implements of the class known as quick-action wrenches, and has for its object to improve the construction and increase the efl'iciency of devices of this character. 1

With these and other objects in view, which will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists in certain novel features of construction, as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which corresponding parts are denoted by like designating characters, is illustrated the preferred form ofembodiment of the invention capable of carrying the same into practical operation, it being understood that the invention is not necessarily limited thereto, as various changes in the shape, proportions, and general assemblage of the parts may be resorted to without departing from the principle of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

In the drawings thus employed, Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a side elevation with one of the handle side plates removed. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation. Figs. 4 and 5 are views similar to Figs. 2 and 3, illustrating some modifications in the construction.

In the improved wrench is comprised a stationary jaw 10, having an integral handle 11 extending therefrom, the handle provided with a transverse longitudinal aperture 12 continued at one end through the jaw 10.

.The aperture 12, it will be noted, extends entirely through the handle portion 10 or from side to side of the same and is formed with parallel sides throughout, so that all the faces may be readily dressed with milling tools or grinders and at small expense, so that the inner faces may be trued for the accurate movement of the stock, as hereinafter explained. This ability to readily reach all the partswith a milling or grinding tool is an im' portant feature of the invention and adds materially to the value of the implement, as an accurately-operating implement may thus be produced at no material increase in the expense of manufacture.

The movable jaw 13 is provided with a stock 14, extending through the stationary jaw 10 and into thelongitudinal aperture 12 in the handle portion and with'its side faces flush with the side faces of the handle portion.

The stock 14 is provided with a plurality of ratchet-teeth 16, the terminals of the teeth preferably below the general surface of the stock, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. The stock 14 is also provided with a longitudinal aperture 17 in its inner end to receive a spring 18, hearing by its outer end against the closed end of the handle, and with a core-pin 19 to insure the proper rigidity of the spring while in action, as hereinafter explained. The stock 14 is further provided with a longitudinal recess 20 in one of its edges.

A pawl 21 is pivoted at 22 in cars extending from the handle portion 11 and provided with spaced teeth 23 for engaging the ratchet: teeth 16 of the stock. The bearing-faces of the ratchet-teeth, it will be noted, are inclined to the longitudinal plane of the stock, and the teeth of the pawl are correspondingly inclined, so that the pawl exerts a hook-like action upon the stock, thus materially increasingthe grip of the pawl and obviating any tendency to displacement under the severe strains to which the device is subjected when in use. The pawl 21 is also formed with an enlarge ment at its pivoted point for extending into j I the depression in the stock 14, in which the ratchet-teeth are formed to receive thelateral thrust of the stock, and thus prevent lateral displacement of the same. The bearing-faces of the teeth 16 are thus inclined away from the jaws 10 13, and the teeth 23 of the pawl 21 are also inclined away from the jaws, so

Attached to the side faces of the handle portion 10 are plates 27 28 preferably of wood, rounded to conform to the handle portion, and thus complete the hand-grip of the implement. The inner faces of the side members 27 28 thus serve as keepers to maintain the stock 14 in position and assistin guiding the same in its movement.

The two side plates are connected byascrew 29, passing through the recess 20 in the stock", the function of the recess being to receive this holding-screw and also to prevent the removal of the stock when the spring 18 throws it outward. The pin 29 thus serves two im-,

portant purposes as a means for coupling the side plates and as a stop to limit the movement of the stock and prevent its removal from the handle.

One of the side plates, as 28, is provided with an aperture 30, through which the button 24 extends.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, with the pawl 21 in a single piece, pressure upon the button 24 releases the pawl as a whole, and the spring 18 throws the shank 14 and its jaw 13 outwardly to the full limit; but if it is desired to move the jaw 13outwardly step by step and only so far as required to fit the nut to which it is to heapplied the construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5 will be employed, consisting in dividing the pawl into two parts 31 32 and pivoting them on a pin 33, corresponding to the pin 22 in the structure shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the pawl -sections being provided, respectively, with teeth 34 35, corresponding to the teeth 23 of the pawl 21, but with the pawl-section 31 shorter than the pawl-section 32 equal to one-half the distance from center to center of the teeth 16, so that when the teeth of one of the pawl-sections enter the spaces between the teeth 16 the teeth of the other section will ride the same teeth.

The button 24 of the pawl 21 is replaced in the modified structure by two buttons 36 37 and the spring member 25 in the modified structure is replaced by a divided spring, so that each pawl-section will be provided with an independent spring member, as at 38 39. By this arrangement if the button 36 only is depressed the spring 18 will move the stock 14 and jaw 13 one-half the distance of one of the teeth 16, or only far enough for the teeth 35 of the pawl-section 32 to engage the teeth 16. Then by depressing the button 37 the stock 14 and jaw 13 will be moved another half-tooth, and so on step by step as the buttons 36 37 are alternately depressed. If, however, the buttons 36 37 are depressed at the same time, the stock 14 and its jaw 13 will be fully released, as will be obvious, and operate in the same manner as in the structure shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

Either form of, construction may be employed without departing from the principle of the invention, as the operation and results produced are substantially the same in both forms of the construction shown.

When thus constructed and assembled, it is obvious that a very simple and efficient wrench is produced wherein the movable jaw 13 will be automatically projected by the action of the spring 18 when the pawl is released and wherein the movable jaw may be quickly adjusted to the required distance to fit any-sized nut and there firmly held as long as required.

The parts are simple in construction, few in number, and coact to produce a very eflicient and practical implement for the purposes described.

The parts may be of any material and of any required size.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is 1. In a wrench, a handle member having a stationary jaw at one end and with a longitudinal aperture extending transversely through the handle and communicating with an aperture through said stationary jaw, a stock movably disposed in said jaw-aperture and extending into said handle-aperture with its side faces flush with the side faces of said handle member and with an opposing movable jaw connected thereto at one end, said stock having transverse ratchet-teeth in one of its side faces and with a longitudinal recess in one side of the same, a spring-actuated pawl movably connected to said handle member and engaging said ratchet-teeth, sideplates bearing upon the opposite sides of said handle member and extending over the transverse longitudinal aperture therein and bearing upon said stock and supporting the same, and a clamp-bolt connecting said side plates and extending through said handle-aperture and the recess in said stock.

2. In a wrench, a handle member having a stationary jaw at one end and with a longitudinal aperture extending transversely through the handle and communicating with an aperture through said stationary jaw, a stock movably disposed in said jaw-aperture and extending into said handle-aperture and with an opposing movable jaw connected thereto at one end, said stock having spaced ratchet-teeth in one of its side faces with the bearing-facesof the teeth inclined toward said jaws, and a spring-controlled pawl movably connected to said handle member and provided with teeth correspondingly inclined to and adapted for engagement with the teeth of said stock.

3. In a wrench, a handle member having a stationary jaw at one end and with a longitudinal aperture extending therethrough and communicating with an aperture through said stationaryjaw and with spaced ears extending from said handle member at opposite sides of the aperture therethrough, a stock movably disposed in said jaw-aperture and extending into said handle-aperture and with an opposing movable jaw at one end said stock having a depression extending longitudinaliy thereof in one of its side faces and with ratchet-teeth in the bottom of said depression, and a pawl engaging said ratchetteeth and having a central enlargement and pivoted between said ears and with the en largement extending into the depression in said stock.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aifixed n1y signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

FRANK NELSON WILSON.

Witnesses:

F. F. MAYNARD, H. C. MORRIS. 

